The Boston Globe wanted to write about housing discrimination, again. But it is not news:
“The data from Zillow, which were first reported by Axios, show Black-owned homes are valued at 18 percent less than white homes in Boston, and Latino-owned homes at 14 percent less. The data for Black homes in Boston mirror nationwide disparities, and are slightly worse than the statewide numbers; Latino home values in Boston are a shade lower than national and state averages.” [Boston Globe, March 19, 2024]
Why is that not news? The mechanisms for housing discrimination are still alive and well and being practiced in America.
Appraisal bias:
- During initial purchases, housing in minority communities is more likely to be appraised below the purchase price. [source]
- During refinancing, minority owned properties are more likely to get a lower appraisal than a similar (or even the same) house. [source]
Segregation is not just a southern thing. Until the Fair Housing Act was passed in 1968, it was common practice to
- Create zoning to site dirty industry and other unsightly municipal features (like landfills) near Black neighborhoods.
- Allow lenders to refuse mortgages in minority-majority neighborhoods because they considered those areas less valuable. (That’s “red-lining”.)
Those historically red-lined neighborhoods (which were majority-minority) remain near the highways, industry, and other unsightly features. Therefore, they remain worth less than their neighbors without those local eyesores.
In current days, those neighborhoods are being targeted for purchase by companies who rent them out or flip them. These speculators often rent the properties out and sell stock in the collective rent. This is driving up real estate prices (and also attracting more affluent buyers and renters). [source]
An invitation to learn more: Fair Housing Month: Film Screening & Book Discussion
SATURDAY, APRIL 272:00—4:00 PM
Auditorium Central Library79 Highland Ave, Somerville , MA, 02143
Fair Housing Month Film Screening and Book Discussion program
Housing continues to be the hot-button issue in Somerville. Join us during Fair Housing Month to discuss our past and the future of our city’s housing with the Somerville Fair Housing Commission.
We will be screening the film Segregated by Design, followed by a conversation with the Somerville Fair Housing Commission on the themes and topics the film examines, as well as additional topics covered in Richard Rothstein’s book, The Color of Law. The discussion will be led by members of the Somerville Fair Housing Commission.
About the Film:
Segregated by Design covers many of the key points found in Richard Rothstein’s comprehensive book The Color of Law. It discusses how American housing segregation was not caused merely by the action of prejudiced individuals, but rather, by policies that enabled some people to enter the housing market while slamming the door shut for others.
About the Book:
The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America by Richard Rothstein is a “groundbreaking history of the modern American metropolis, Richard Rothstein, a leading authority on housing policy, explodes the myth that America’s cities came to be racially divided through de facto segregation–that is, through individual prejudices, income differences, or the actions of private institutions like banks and real estate agencies. Rather, The Color of Law incontrovertibly makes clear that it was de jure segregation–the laws and policy decisions passed by local, state, and federal governments–that actually promoted the discriminatory patterns that continue to this day.
Through extraordinary revelations and extensive research, Rothstein comes to chronicle nothing less than an untold story that begins in the 1920s, showing how this process of de jure segregation began with explicit racial zoning, as millions of African Americans moved in a great historical migration from the south to the north.
As Jane Jacobs established in her classic The Death and Life of Great American Cities, it was the deeply flawed urban planning of the 1950s that created many of the impoverished neighborhoods we know. Now, Rothstein expands our understanding of this history, showing how government policies led to the creation of officially segregated public housing and the demolition of previously integrated neighborhoods. While urban areas rapidly deteriorated, the great American suburbanization of the post-World War II years was spurred on by federal subsidies for builders on the condition that no homes be sold to African Americans. Finally, Rothstein shows how police and prosecutors brutally upheld these standards by supporting violent resistance to black families in white neighborhoods.
The Fair Housing Act of 1968 prohibited future discrimination but did nothing to reverse residential patterns that had become deeply embedded. Yet recent outbursts of violence in cities like Baltimore, Ferguson, and Minneapolis show us precisely how the legacy of these earlier eras contributes to persistent racial unrest. “The American landscape will never look the same to readers of this important book” (Sherrilyn Ifill, president of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund), as Rothstein’s invaluable examination shows that only by relearning this history can we finally pave the way for the nation to remedy its unconstitutional past.
About the Author:
Richard Rothstein is a leading authority on housing policy. He is a Distinguished Fellow of the Economic Policy Institute and a Senior Fellow (emeritus) at the Thurgood Marshall Institute of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. He is also the author of many other articles and books on race and education.
Copies of The Color of Law by Richard Rothstein will be available to order all month long from the Library’s Catalog as well as digitally through the Hoopla and OverDrive/Libby apps. Please contact the Library if you’d like help getting a copy: 617-623-5000, ext. 2955.
Questions? For more information, please contact Hanalei at [email protected]. At the Library you can reach out to Kerry O’Donnell: [email protected].
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